Prostate treatment in men: what medications to take

Prostatitisis an inflammatory disease of the prostate.It manifests itself by frequent urination, pain in the penis, scrotum, rectum, sexual disorders (erectile dysfunction, premature ejaculation, etc.), sometimes urinary retention and blood in the urine.The diagnosis of prostatitis is established by a urologist or andrologist based on a typical clinical picture and the results of a digital rectal examination.In addition, an ultrasound of the prostate and a culture of prostate secretions and urine are performed.Treatment is conservative - antibacterial therapy, immunotherapy, prostate massage, lifestyle correction.

General information

Prostatitis is an inflammation of the seminal gland (prostate) - prostate.It is the most common disease of the genitourinary system in men.It most often affects patients aged 25 to 50.According to various data, prostatitis affects 30 to 85% of men over 30 years old.Possible formation of prostate abscess, inflammation of the testicles and appendages, which threatens infertility.Ascending infection leads to inflammation of the upper parts of the genitourinary system (cystitis, pyelonephritis).

Pathology develops with the penetration of an infectious agent that enters the prostate tissue from the organs of the genitourinary system (urethra, bladder) or from a distant inflammatory focus (pneumonia, flu, sore throat, furunculosis).

Causes of prostatitis

Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus, Enterobacter, Pseudomonas, Proteus, Klebsiella and E. Coli can act as infectious agents in acute cases.Most microorganisms belong to the conditionally pathogenic flora and cause prostatitis only in the presence of other predisposing factors.Chronic inflammation is usually due to polymicrobial associations.

The risk of developing the disease increases with hypothermia, a history of specific infections and conditions accompanied by congestion of the prostate tissue.The following predisposing factors are identified:

• General hypothermia (one-off or permanent, linked to working conditions).
• A sedentary lifestyle, a profession that requires a person to sit for a long time (computer operator, driver, etc.).
• Constant constipation.
• Disturbances in the normal rhythm of sexual activity (excessive sexual activity, prolonged abstinence, incomplete ejaculation during “usual” sexual intercourse devoid of emotional connotation).
• The presence of chronic diseases (cholecystitis, bronchitis) or chronic infectious foci in the body (chronic osteomyelitis, untreated caries, tonsillitis, etc.).
• Previous urological diseases (urethritis, cystitis, etc.) and sexually transmitted diseases (chlamydia, trichomoniasis, gonorrhea).
• Conditions causing suppression of the immune system (chronic stress, irregular and poor diet, lack of regular sleep, overtraining in athletes).

Congestion of the prostate tissue plays a decisive role in the occurrence of prostatitis.Disruption of capillary blood flow causes increased lipid peroxidation, swelling, exudation of prostate tissue and creates conditions conducive to the development of an infectious process.

Symptoms of prostatitis

Acute prostatitis

There are three stages of acute prostatitis, characterized by the presence of a certain clinical picture and morphological changes:

• Acute catarrh.Patients complain of frequent and often painful urination, pain in the sacrum and perineum.
• Acute follicular.The pain becomes more intense, sometimes radiating to the anus, and intensifies during defecation.Urination is difficult, urine flows in a thin stream.In some cases, urinary retention is observed.Mild fever or moderate hyperthermia is typical.
• Acute parenchymal.Severe general intoxication, hyperthermia up to 38-40°C, chills.Dysuric disorders, often acute urinary retention.Sharp, stabbing pain in the perineum.Difficulty defecating.

Chronic prostatitis

In rare cases, chronic prostatitis becomes the result of an acute process, but as a rule, a mainly chronic course is observed.The temperature sometimes reaches subfebrile levels.The patient notes slight pain in the perineum, discomfort during urination and defecation.The most characteristic symptom is scanty discharge from the urethra during defecation.The essentially chronic form of the disease develops over a significant period of time.It is preceded by prostatosis (stagnation of blood in the capillaries), which gradually transforms into abacterial prostatitis.

Chronic prostatitis is often a complication of the inflammatory process caused by the causative agent of a specific infection (chlamydia, trichomonas, ureaplasma, gonococcus).Symptoms of a specific inflammatory process in many cases mask the manifestations of prostate damage.There may be a slight increase in pain when urinating, slight pain in the perineum, rare discharge from the urethra during defecation.A minor change in the clinical picture often goes unnoticed by the patient.

Chronic inflammation of the prostate can manifest as a burning sensation in the urethra and perineum, dysuria, sexual dysfunction and increased general fatigue.The consequence of potency disorders (or fear of these disorders) is often mental depression, anxiety and irritability.The clinical picture does not always include all symptom groups listed;this varies among different patients and changes over time.There are three main syndromes characteristic of chronic prostatitis: pain, dysuria, sexual dysfunction.

There are no pain receptors in prostate tissue.The cause of pain in chronic prostatitis is the almost inevitable involvement of nerve pathways in the inflammatory process due to the abundant innervation of the pelvic organs.Patients complain of pain of varying intensity - from light and painful sleep to intense and disturbing sleep.There is a change in the nature of pain (increase or weakening) during ejaculation, excessive sexual activity or sexual abstinence.The pain radiates to the scrotum, sacrum, perineum and sometimes to the lumbar region.

Due to inflammation in chronic prostatitis, the prostate increases in volume, compressing the urethra.The lumen of the ureter decreases.The patient experiences frequent urges to urinate and a feeling of incomplete emptying of the bladder.As a rule, dysuric phenomena are expressed in the early stages.Then compensatory hypertrophy of the muscular layer of the bladder and ureters develops.Symptoms of dysuria weaken during this period, then increase again as coping mechanisms decompensate.

In the early stages, dyspotency can develop and manifest differently depending on the patient.Patients may complain of frequent nocturnal erections, loss of orgasm, or deterioration of erection.Accelerated ejaculation is associated with a decrease in the threshold level of excitation of the orgasmic center.Pain during ejaculation can lead to refusal of sexual activity.Subsequently, sexual dysfunctions become more pronounced.At an advanced stage, impotence develops.

The degree of sexual disorder is determined by many factors, including the sexual constitution and psychological mood of the patient.Impaired potency and dysuria can be caused both by changes in the prostate gland and by the suggestibility of the patient who, if diagnosed with chronic prostatitis, expects the inevitable development of sexual and urinary disorders.Psychogenic dyspotency and dysuria especially often develop in suggestible and anxious patients.

Impotence, and sometimes even the threat of possible sexual dysfunction, is difficult for patients to tolerate.There is often a change in character, irritability, grumpiness, excessive concern for one's own health and even "illness".

Ranking

In modern urology, there is no uniform classification of the disease.However, practicing doctors prefer this option for classifying the inflammatory process in the prostate:

Depending on the progression of the disease:

• Acute prostatitis.It represents more than 50% of cases of illness in people aged 30 to 35 years maximum.
• Chronic option.It is considered an ageless category.This does not manifest itself for a long time;the impetus for its development is a cold or infection.

For the reason that caused the pathology:

• Bacterial inflammation of the prostate, predominates in men under 40 years of age, occurs against the background of ultrasound and does not extend beyond the boundaries of the organ.
• Non-bacterial pathological changes in the gland, mainly chronic.
• Viral inflammation of the prostate is characterized by an acute course that affects the entire genital area.

Depending on the nature of the structural changes in the prostate:

• Fibrous prostatitis is characterized by rapid and irreversible growth of the gland and requires radical intervention.Clinically, it resembles a prostate adenoma.
• Calculus inflammation of the prostate is due to the formation of stones inside the prostate.Considered a warning sign of cancer.
• Congestive prostatitis, a consequence of a sedentary lifestyle, is diagnosed in every second patient.

Signs of illness

If a man discovers at least two of the following symptoms of prostatitis, he should immediately contact a qualified specialist:

• Disorder of urination with the appearance of an intermittent, weak, unusually short stream of urine, causing splashing, difficulty and pain before urinating.The frequent urge to empty the bladder occurs mainly at night.
• The pain, located in the lower abdomen, radiates to the scrotum, perineum and rectum.
• Sexual dysfunction.
• Ejaculation problems, changes in sperm (consistency, quantity).

Complications

In the absence of timely treatment of acute prostatitis, there is a significant risk of developing a prostate abscess.When a purulent focus is formed, the patient's body temperature rises to 39-40°C and can become hectic in nature.Periods of fever alternate with severe chills.Sharp pain in the perineum makes urination difficult and makes defecation impossible.

Increasing prostate swelling leads to acute urinary retention.In rare cases, the abscess ruptures spontaneously into the urethra or rectum.When opened, purulent and cloudy urine with an unpleasant and pungent odor appears in the urethra;Once opened, the stool contains pus and mucus in the rectum.

Chronic prostatitis is characterized by a wave-like course with long periods of remission, during which inflammation of the prostate is latent or manifests itself with extremely rare symptoms.Patients who are not bothered by anything often stop treatment and turn only if complications arise.

The spread of infection along the urinary tract causes the appearance of pyelonephritis and cystitis.The most common complication of the chronic process is inflammation of the testicles and epididymis (orchitis-epdidymitis) and inflammation of the seminal vesicles (vesiculitis).The outcome of these diseases is often infertility.

Diagnosis

The characteristic clinical picture simplifies the diagnostic process of acute and chronic prostatitis.It is obligatory to:

Treatment of prostatitis

Treatment of acute prostatitis

Patients with a simple acute process are treated by a urologist on an outpatient basis.In case of severe poisoning or suspicion of a purulent process, hospitalization is indicated.Antibacterial treatment is carried out.Medicines are selected taking into account the sensitivity of the infectious agent.Antibiotics are widely used to penetrate well into the prostate tissue and act on it.

With the development of acute urinary retention due to prostatitis, they resort to installing a cystostomy rather than a urethral catheter, since there is a risk of the formation of a prostate abscess.When an abscess develops, a transrectal or transurethral endoscopic opening of the abscess is performed.

Treatment of chronic prostatitis

Treatment of chronic prostatitis should be comprehensive, including etiotropic therapy, physiotherapy and correction of immunity:

• Antibiotic therapy.The patient is prescribed long antibacterial courses (for 4 to 8 weeks).The selection of the type and dosage of antibacterial drugs, as well as the determination of the duration of treatment, is carried out individually.The drug is selected depending on the sensitivity of the microflora, based on the results of culturing urine and prostate secretions.
• Prostate massage.Gland massage has a complex effect on the affected organ.During the massage, the inflammatory secretion accumulated in the prostate is expelled through the ducts, then enters the urethra and is evacuated from the body.The procedure improves blood circulation in the prostate, which minimizes congestion and ensures better penetration of antibacterial drugs into the tissues of the affected organ.
• Physiotherapy.To improve blood circulation, laser exposure, ultrasonic waves and electromagnetic waves are used.If it is impossible to carry out physiotherapeutic procedures, the patient is prescribed warm medicinal microenemas.

In case of long-term chronic inflammation, a consultation with an immunologist is indicated to choose the tactics of immunocorrective treatment.The patient receives recommendations for lifestyle changes.Making certain changes to the lifestyle of a patient with chronic prostatitis is both a therapeutic and preventive measure.The patient is recommended to normalize his sleep and wakefulness, adjust his diet and engage in moderate physical activity.

Treatment of acute prostatitis

Acute prostatitis requires bed rest, a special salt-free diet and sexual rest.

Course processing methods:

• The most effective treatment for prostatitis is etiotropic therapy.If prostatitis is an infection, a course of antimicrobial agents is a priority, which relieve the manifestations of inflammation.
• Pain syndrome is relieved by analgesics, antispasmodics, rectal suppositories, microenemas with warm solutions of analgesics.NSAIDs may be used.
• Immunostimulants, immunomodulators, enzymes, vitamin complexes and a combination of microelements have proven their effectiveness.
• Physiotherapeutic methods are possible only in the subacute stage of the disease.They improve microcirculation and increase immunity: UHF, microwaves, electrophoresis, laser, magnetotherapy.
• Massage is another effective method of influencing the prostate.It opens the ducts, normalizes blood circulation in the scrotum and pelvis.
• Acute retention of renal filtrate can be corrected by catheterization and trocar cystostomy.
• The purulent process involves surgical intervention.
• Psychologist consultations.

Methods for treating prostatitis

Antibacterial therapy is most effective in treating prostatitis.Herbal medicine, immunocorrectors and hormonal drugs can also be used as prescribed by a doctor.

In the absence of acute symptoms, prostatitis can be treated with physiotherapy.In case of abscesses and suppurations, surgical intervention is recommended.

Treatment with medications

Treatment of prostatitis with antibiotic therapy must begin with a bacterial culture, the aim of which is to assess the body's sensitivity to this type of antibiotic.If urination is impaired, the use of anti-inflammatory drugs gives a good result.

Medicines are taken in the form of tablets, in acute cases - in the form of droppers or intramuscularly.Rectal suppositories are effective in treating chronic forms of prostatitis: with their help, drugs achieve their goals faster and have minimal effect on other organs.

Anticoagulants and anti-inflammatories have also proven effective.

Antibacterial therapy

Antibiotics are an effective remedy in the fight against bacterial prostatitis.In order to achieve the desired effect and not harm the body, the choice of medication, dosage and treatment regimen should be carried out by a doctor.To correctly select the most effective drugs, he will have to find out what type of pathogen caused prostatitis, and also test the patient's tolerance to antibiotics of a particular group.

Antibiotics from the fluoroquinolone group have proven effective in the treatment of chronic prostatitis.Their action is aimed at suppressing bacterial infection and strengthening the body's immunity.In addition to this, the bacteriostatic antibiotic trimethoprim is recommended for the prevention and treatment of concomitant diseases of the genitourinary system.

To treat prostatitis caused by mycoplasma and chlamydia, you can also take drugs from the group of macrolides and tetracyclines, which slow the spread of infection.

The duration of taking antibacterial drugs is 2 to 4 weeks.In the event of positive dynamics, the course may be extended.

Physiotherapy

Physiotherapeutic techniques in the treatment of prostatitis are aimed at activating blood circulation in the pelvic region, improving metabolic processes in the prostate and cleaning the ducts.If physiotherapy is combined with taking antibiotics, the effect of the latter is enhanced.

The main methods include:

• magnetic therapy;
• laser therapy;
• electrophoresis;
• warm-up;
• ultrasound;
• mud therapy;
• high frequency irradiation;
• physiotherapy.

One of the oldest methods, transrectal prostate massage, according to modern research, has no proven effectiveness.

Non-specific treatments

Nonspecific methods of treating prostatitis include:

• hirudotherapy;
• therapeutic fasting;
• acupuncture;
• diet according to the Ostrovsky method;
• alkalization of the body using the Neumyvakin method.

We strongly recommend that you discuss all non-traditional methods of treating prostatitis with your doctor.

Surgical treatment

Surgical methods are used in complex and emergency cases:

• for drainage of purulent abscesses, which are removed by laparoscopic methods by puncture;
• in case of difficulty urinating due to damage to the urinary tract;
• with a large volume of the affected area;
• with a significant number of stones in the body of the gland.

Stones and sclerotic tissues are removed by endoscopic methods.In case of a large affected area or multiple stones, prostate resection is resorted to.

Transurethral resection is also effective for bacterial prostatitis.In this way, the risk of relapse can be reduced.

Folk remedies

Folk remedies for the treatment of prostatitis are unlikely to be effective on their own, but in combination with medications and physiotherapeutic methods they may be applicable.These include: bee products, decoctions of herbs and seeds, tinctures of garlic, ginger, beaver, fresh vegetables, pumpkin seeds.

In acute cases of the disease, you should consult a doctor, and in no case should you self-medicate!If a purulent abscess ruptures, death is possible.

Suppositories for prostatitis

In the treatment of prostatitis, rectal suppositories are much more effective than tablets, if only because the rectum is much closer to the prostate, which means the medication will work more quickly.

The composition of drugs for the treatment of prostatitis can be completely different;they are prescribed to solve a particular problem.

1. Antibacterial agents are particularly effective against prostatitis caused by chlamydia.
2. Analgesics are used for symptomatic treatment;They relieve pain well.
3. Immunostimulants help improve blood circulation, relieve swelling and are used in complex therapy.
4. Medicinal plants have a mild effect.Like candles on bee products, they are used in addition to the main treatment.
5. Compositions based on ichthyol promote blood circulation in the intestinal mucosa area, which accelerates the alleviation of inflammatory processes and slightly improves immunity.
6. Enzyme products prevent the formation of scar tissue.It is recommended to take it as part of complex therapy with antibiotics, anti-inflammatory drugs and painkillers.

Auxiliary drugs

For the symptomatic treatment of prostatitis in men, for example to relieve pain when urinating, you can also take antispasmodics, which relax smooth muscles and thus quickly relieve pain.

General health is promoted by anticoagulant and anti-inflammatory food supplements based on bee products, pumpkin oil and palm fruit extracts.

Diet and lifestyle

For the treatment of prostatitis, a proper and balanced diet and a healthy lifestyle are very important.Food should not contain spicy, fried, salty or marinated foods.In acute cases, alcohol is strictly prohibited.

Foods should contain enough fiber to prevent constipation.Protein content should be reduced.It is advisable to supplement the diet with herbs, ginger and pumpkin seeds.

Consequences of untreated prostatitis

Even if the symptoms of prostatitis have not appeared for a long time, it is necessary to regularly undergo examination by a urologist.Incompletely cured prostatitis may be accompanied by the formation of calcifications, which will subsequently need to be removed along with the gland.Experts are convinced that there is no other way to remove or dissolve stones.

In addition, pathogenic microorganisms can migrate to nearby organs, causing inflammation.Advanced prostatitis can cause the development of prostate adenoma and cancer.

Prognosis and prevention

Acute prostatitis is a disease that has a pronounced tendency to become chronic.Even with timely adequate treatment, chronic prostatitis becomes a consequence in more than half of patients.Cure is not always achieved, however, with correct and consistent treatment and following the doctor's recommendations, it is possible to eliminate unpleasant symptoms and achieve stable and long-term remission in a chronic process.

Prevention consists of eliminating risk factors.You must avoid hypothermia, alternate sedentary work with periods of physical activity and eat regularly and nutritiously.For constipation, laxatives should be used.One of the preventive measures is the normalization of sex life, since excessive sexual activity and sexual abstinence are risk factors for the development of prostatitis.If symptoms of a urological or sexually transmitted disease appear, you should promptly consult a doctor.