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Chronic prostatitis

chronic prostatitis in men

Chronic prostatitis is a disease that most often occurs in the practice of a urologist-andrologist.It is mainly diagnosed in men who are at the peak of their reproductive, sexual activity and ability to work.Therefore, prompt treatment of prostatitis is crucial to restore men's health as well as their social functions.

Causes of the development of chronic prostatitis

The chronic inflammatory process is followed by an acute phase caused by the activity of the pathogenic microflora.If the cause is not identified in time and comprehensive treatment is not carried out, prostatitis turns into a latent form with periodic relapses.

Infection can occur in 3 ways: ascending - through the urinary canal, descending - when urine containing pathogenic bacteria enters the bladder, hematogenous - through the circulatory system (the infection is transferred from other inflammatory foci of the body).

Causative agents of chronic prostatitis:

  • pathogenic fungi
  • coli
  • corynebacteria
  • gardnerella
  • staphylococcus
  • Trichomonas
  • klebsiella
  • mycoplasma
  • enterococcus
  • gonococci
  • chlamydia
  • parasites
  • virus
  • Proteus

In the chronic form of prostatitis in men, the inflammatory process can reappear even after the elimination of the pathogenic microflora.In such cases, there is a disruption of innervation in the organ with an autoimmune attack on tissues against the background of primary inflammation.Examination reveals no infection.Therefore, patients are diagnosed with “chronic abacterial prostatitis”.

Prostate dysfunction is not always caused by an infectious lesion.There are a number of unfavorable factors that cause diseases.Among the most common:

  • decreased immune defenses due to hypothermia, poor lifestyle, bad habits and overwork.
  • poor circulation in the pelvis due to chronic constipation, sedentary work and lack of physical activity
  • congestion of the prostate ducts and other pelvic organs
  • chronic infectious diseases (sinusitis, sore throat)
  • permanent damage to prostate tissue due to increased load on the perineal muscles and physical exertion
  • irregular sexual contact, sexual abstinence, interrupted sexual intercourse
  • inflammation of the genitourinary system
  • poor diet
  • Previous STDs

Chronic bacterial prostatitis often becomes a concomitant problem with cystitis, urethritis, pyelonephritis, epididymitis and orchitis.In some cases, the infectious focus is not even in the genitourinary system.This could be tonsillitis, sinusitis, bronchitis, intestinal decay or pneumonia that has not received proper treatment.

Urologists associate the appearance of a non-bacterial form of chronic prostatitis with congestion of the pelvic organs.When local circulation is impaired, the prostate vessels overflow with blood, causing edema and stagnation of secretions.As a result, the prostate cannot produce the required amount of secretions and hormones.This leads to the development of an inflammatory process in the tissues.

Main signs of chronic prostatitis

The symptoms of the bacterial form of the pathology are similar to those of any infectious process.They evolve with an increase in the quantity of pathogenic flora and lead to a serious deterioration of the general condition in the absence of adequate treatment.In the early stages, chronic prostatitis is asymptomatic or has mild symptoms.Therefore, most men ignore the need to contact a urologist for examination.

Postponing a visit to a specialist doctor to identify the cause and start treatment of prostatitis leads to serious consequences not only for the genitourinary system, but also for the psycho-emotional state.Potency disorders against the background of urination disorders and a gradual deterioration of well-being in many men cause stress, apathy, increased irritability, severe fatigue and poor appetite.In addition, untimely initiation of treatment leads to infertility in 40% of cases.

Symptoms of chronic prostatitis requiring contacting a urologist:

  • frequent and strong urge to urinate, weakened urine stream
  • aching pain radiating to the perineum, groin, rectum, scrotum, glans and, sometimes, the sacrum
  • painful urination (especially at the beginning and end of sexual intercourse)
  • chills, excessive sweating (characteristic endocrine symptoms, since the prostate is part of this system)
  • change in skin color in the area where pain is felt
  • the release of a small amount of prostatic secretion through the urethra (during physical exertion) against the background of a weakening of the tone of the organ
  • potency disorder (decreased libido, erection problems, ejaculation due to a decrease in testosterone produced by the gland)

Any of the listed signs may indicate an illness.A man should therefore quickly contact a urologist to receive medical care.Also, do not forget about regular preventive visits to the doctor, because the disease can be asymptomatic.In such cases, the diagnosis is based on measuring the number of leukocytes in the prostate secretion.

Possible complications of chronic prostatitis

Without timely treatment, the inflammatory process spreads.This faces related issues such as:

  • epididymitis
  • orchitis
  • vesiculitis
  • urinary incontinence
  • formation of stones, cysts in the prostate
  • reproductive dysfunction
  • prostate adenoma

The most serious complication may be prostate cancer.

Methods for diagnosing chronic prostatitis

Urologists receive the necessary medical information to make a diagnosis and determine the causes of pathology after carrying out a set of tests, as well as instrumental studies.During the first consultation, the doctor takes the history, asks the man about the worrying symptoms and carries out an examination.The presence of discharge from the urethra, skin irritation and rashes in the external genital area is determined visually.Also in this situation, a digital rectal exam is indicated to assess the size, structure and sensitivity of the prostate.

Basic methods for making a diagnosis:

  • general urine test
  • bacterial urine culture, urethral smear
  • microscopic examination of prostate secretion
  • endoscopic examination of the urinary tract
  • Ultrasound of the prostate (transrectal)
  • PCR test for STD pathogens

A PSA test for prostatitis is performed to exclude prostate adenoma and cancer.In some cases, to clarify the diagnosis, a tissue biopsy is indicated, followed by histology of the samples taken.In case of problems with reproductive function, men are prescribed a spermogram and a MAR test.

Treatment of chronic prostatitis

Neglected conditions are difficult to correct.However, with an integrated approach to treatment, stable and long-term remission can be achieved.To do this, it is necessary to eliminate the cause of the inflammatory process and increase the body's resistance.This effect is achieved through the choice of individual therapy, taking into account the age of the man, the stage of prostatitis, the state of the immune system and the severity of symptoms.In extreme cases, when there is a risk of serious complications, surgical treatment is recommended to the patient.

Basic therapeutic methods for chronic prostatitis:

  • take antibiotics
  • symptomatic therapy
  • use of anti-inflammatory drugs
  • physiotherapy to normalize blood circulation, relieve swelling
  • correction of diet, lifestyle

Completing comprehensive treatment for chronic prostatitis allows you to eliminate the causes of the inflammatory process, relieve pain, and also improve the general well-being of a man.An essential part of therapy is the restoration of the body's protective resources.If prostatitis has a non-bacterial etiology, taking immunomodulators can prevent autoimmune aggression.

Modern physiotherapy for prostatitis

Physiotherapeutic methods quickly relieve many symptoms and bring stable improvement in the majority of men.At home, it is recommended to take hot baths regularly, but the water should not be too hot.

Clinical methods of physiotherapy for chronic prostatitis:

  • Ultrasound therapy.Exposure to high frequency waves.
  • Ultraphonophoresis.A combination of ultrasound treatment with effective drugs for prostatitis, which are administered during the procedure.
  • Magnetotherapy.Low frequency magnetic field therapy.
  • UVT.Impact of shock waves on the immediate cause of prostatitis: congestion and inflammatory processes.
  • Darsonvalisation.Application of high frequency pulsed current.
  • Galvanization.Low frequency direct current treatment.
  • UHF.Method for relieving the symptoms of chronic prostatitis using the influence of an electric field through capacitor plates.

Electrophoresis gives a clear result.It accelerates the delivery of drugs to affected tissues.Thanks to this, it is possible to reduce the load on other organs, which is important for overall health, since chronic prostatitis requires serious drug treatment.Shock wave therapy procedures have a positive effect.After them, most men notice a reduction in discomfort in the prostate, relief of pain and improvement of erection from the first session.

Physiotherapy is an auxiliary method in the treatment of prostatitis.Reducing the severity of symptoms, as well as the speed of recovery in general, depends on the individual reaction of the body to the chosen method of exposure.Some courses last several weeks or even months, but help to bring chronic prostatitis in men into a state of stable remission.

Qualified urologists of a modern clinic can develop an optimal treatment plan for this pathology.